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          vue插槽作用域
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        <p>定义：是vuejs中一个很有用的特性，可以显著的提高组件的通用性和可复用性。</p>
<h4 id="组件和插槽比较"><a href="#组件和插槽比较" class="headerlink" title="组件和插槽比较"></a>组件和插槽比较</h4><p>父组件通过<code>prop</code>向子组件传递数据，通过插槽向子组件传递内容。</p>
<p>共同点：都是从上(父)往下(子)传递数据</p>
<p>区别：Prop传递的是组件的属性，而插槽传递的是<code>VNode</code>节点。</p>
<p><strong>作用域插槽：是从下(子)往上(父)传递数据，官方描述<code>可从子组件获取数据</code></strong></p>
<h4 id="什么是插槽"><a href="#什么是插槽" class="headerlink" title="什么是插槽"></a>什么是插槽</h4><p>在组件中，使用<code>&lt;slot&gt;&lt;/slot&gt;</code>定义一个插槽，那么该组件在其他组件(父组件)中使用时，父组件的该组件 <strong>中间的内容</strong> 会被替换掉插槽所在位置。</p>
<h5 id="编译作用域"><a href="#编译作用域" class="headerlink" title="编译作用域"></a>编译作用域</h5><blockquote>
<p>父级模板中的所有内容都是在父级作用域中编译的；子模版里的所有内容都是在子作用域中编译的。</p>
</blockquote>
<h5 id="后备内容"><a href="#后备内容" class="headerlink" title="后备内容"></a>后备内容</h5><p>指给插槽设置具体的后备（默认的）内容是很有用的</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 定义一个含插槽的组件SubmitButton --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">button</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;submit&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">slot</span>&gt;</span>submit<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">slot</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">button</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 父组件定义为这样(1) --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">submit-button</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">submit-button</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 被渲染为（1） --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">button</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;submit&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  Submit</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">button</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 父组件定义为这样(2) --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">submit-button</span>&gt;</span>Save<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">submit-button</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 被渲染为（2） --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">button</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;submit&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  Save	</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">button</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="具名插槽"><a href="#具名插槽" class="headerlink" title="具名插槽"></a>具名插槽</h5><p>给<code>&lt;slot&gt;</code>指定一个特殊的属性： <code>name</code>;</p>
<p>其中不带name属性的<code>&lt;slot&gt;</code>会带一个隐式的名字<code>default</code>。</p>
<p>在向具名插槽提供内容的时候，我们可以在一个<code>&lt;template&gt;</code>元素上使用<code>v-slot</code>指令，并以<code>v-slot</code>的参数的形式提供其名称</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">base-layout</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:header</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Here might be a page title<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>A paragraph for the main content.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>And another one.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:footer</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>Here&#x27;s some contact info<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">base-layout</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>现在<code>&lt;template&gt;</code>元素中的内容会被传入相应的插槽中。</p>
<p>任何没有被带有<code>v-slot</code>的<code>&lt;template&gt;</code>元素包裹的内容都会被视为默认插槽的内容。</p>
<p>当然，你也可以指定默认插槽的名称。</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">base-layout</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:header</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Here might be a page title<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:default</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>A paragraph for the main content.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>And another one.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:footer</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>Here&#x27;s some contact info<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">base-layout</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="作用域插槽"><a href="#作用域插槽" class="headerlink" title="作用域插槽"></a>作用域插槽</h5><p>有时让插槽内容能够访问子组件才有的数据是很有用的。</p>
<p>为了让子组件的某个数据如<code>user</code>在父级的插槽内容中可用，我们可以将<code>user</code>作为<code>&lt;slot&gt;</code>元素的一个attribute绑定上去：</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">span</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">slot</span> <span class="attr">v-bind:user</span>=<span class="string">&quot;user&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#123;&#123; user.lastName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">slot</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">span</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>绑定在<code>&lt;slot&gt;</code>元素上的attribute被称为 <strong>插槽prop</strong>。</p>
<p>现在在父级作用域中，我们可以使用带值的<code>v-slot</code>来定义我们提供的<strong>插槽prop</strong>的名字：</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:default</span>=<span class="string">&quot;slotProps&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#123;&#123; slotProps.user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在上述的例子中，将包含插槽prop的对象命名为<code>slotProps</code>,实际上，你可以使用任意你喜欢的名字。</p>
<h5 id="独占默认插槽的缩写写法"><a href="#独占默认插槽的缩写写法" class="headerlink" title="独占默认插槽的缩写写法"></a>独占默认插槽的缩写写法</h5><p>可以将v-slot直接使用在组件上</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:default</span>=<span class="string">&quot;slotProps&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#123;&#123; slotProps.user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>可以使用不带参数的v-slot来假定为默认插槽</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span> <span class="attr">v-slot</span>=<span class="string">&quot;slotProps&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#123;&#123; slotProps.user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>注意: 默认插槽的缩写写法不能和具名插槽混用，因为他会导致作用域不明</strong></p>
<p><strong>因此，只要出现多个插槽，请始终为所有的插槽使用完整的基于<code>&lt;template&gt;</code>的语法</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:default</span>=<span class="string">&quot;slotProps&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#123;&#123; slotProps.user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> <span class="attr">v-slot:other</span>=<span class="string">&quot;otherSlotProps&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    ...</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="解构插槽Prop"><a href="#解构插槽Prop" class="headerlink" title="解构插槽Prop"></a>解构插槽Prop</h5><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span> <span class="attr">v-slot</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&#123; user &#125;&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#123;&#123; user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>也可以将user重命名为person</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span> <span class="attr">v-slot</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&#123; user: person &#125;&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#123;&#123; person.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>甚至可以定义后备内容，用于插槽prop是<code>undefined</code>的情形</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span> <span class="attr">v-slot</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&#123; user = &#123; firstName: &#x27;Guest&#x27; &#125; &#125;&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#123;&#123; user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="具名插槽的缩写"><a href="#具名插槽的缩写" class="headerlink" title="具名插槽的缩写"></a>具名插槽的缩写</h5><p>和<code>v-bind</code>、<code>v-on</code>一样，<code>v-slot</code>也有缩写。</p>
<p>可以把参数之前的内容(<code>v-slot:</code>)替换为字符<code>#</code>。</p>
<p>如<code>v-slot:header</code>可以被重写为<code>#header</code>。</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">base-layout</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> #<span class="attr">header</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Here might be a page title<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>A paragraph for the main content.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>And another one.<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">template</span> #<span class="attr">footer</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span>Here&#x27;s some contact info<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">template</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">base-layout</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>然而，和其他的指令一样，该缩写只有在其存在参数的时候才有效。</strong></p>
<p>所以下面的语法是无效的</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 这样会触发一个警告 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span> #=<span class="string">&quot;&#123; user &#125;&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#123;&#123; user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>如果你希望使用缩写的话，那么你必须以明确的插槽名来取而代之</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">current-user</span> #<span class="attr">default</span>=<span class="string">&quot;&#123; user &#125;&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#123;&#123; user.firstName &#125;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">current-user</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="作用域插槽的一些理解"><a href="#作用域插槽的一些理解" class="headerlink" title="作用域插槽的一些理解"></a>作用域插槽的一些理解</h5><p>作用域插槽可以在父组件中访问子组件中的数据。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">// 子组件</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line">child</span><br><span class="line">// 在子组件上，给 slot 绑定一个属性，我们叫做 ‘插槽prop’</span><br><span class="line">&lt;slot :user=&quot;&quot; &gt;&lt;/slot&gt;</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">// 父组件</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line">// vue 2.6 之前</span><br><span class="line">&lt;child slot-scope=&quot;scope&quot;&gt;&#123;&#123;scope.user&#125;&#125;&lt;/child&gt;</span><br><span class="line">// vue 2.6 之后</span><br><span class="line">&lt;child v-slot:default=&quot;scope&quot;&gt;&#123;&#123;scope.user&#125;&#125;&lt;/child&gt;</span><br><span class="line">// 或者</span><br><span class="line">&lt;child v-slot=&quot;scope&quot;&gt;&#123;&#123;scope.user&#125;&#125;&lt;/child&gt;</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

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